the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness!--that is, their full recovery "If an event so untoward as Israel's fall was the occasion of such unspeakable good to the Gentile world, of how much greater good may we expect an event so blessed as their full recovery to be productive?". By the "calling of God," in this case, is meant that sovereign act by which God, in the exercise of His free choice, "called" Abraham to be the father of a peculiar people; while "the gifts of God" here denote the articles of the covenant which God made with Abraham, and which constituted the real distinction between his and all other families of the earth. 32. 29. Boast not against the--rejected branches. 12. . In a sense believers are called to be both God's family (NT) and servants (OT). Oh, the depth, &c.--The apostle now yields himself up to the admiring contemplation of the grandeur of that divine plan which he had sketched out. Romans 11:6, KJV: "And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. The wild olive was often ingrafted into the fruitful one when it began to decay, and this not only brought forth fruit, but caused the decaying olive to revive and flourish. Visit our library of inductive Bible studies for more in depth inductive studies on this and other books of the Bible you can use in your small group. By rejecting the gospel, and by their indignation at its being preached to the Gentiles, the Jews were become enemies to God; yet they are still to be favoured for the sake of their pious fathers. 36. God forbid--Our Lord did indeed announce that "the kingdom of God should be taken from Israel" ( Matthew 21:41 ); and when asked by the Eleven, after His resurrection, if He would at that time "restore the kingdom to Israel," His reply is a virtual admission that Israel was in some sense already out of covenant ( Acts 1:9 ). of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God--Many able expositors render this, "of the riches and wisdom and knowledge," &c. [ERASMUS, GROTIUS, BENGEL, MEYER, DE WETTE, THOLUCK, OLSHAUSEN, FRITZSCHE, PHILIPPI, ALFORD, Revised Version]. For I would not . And, &c.--better, "Now if it (the election) be by grace, it is no more of works; for [then] grace becomes no more grace: but if it be of works," &c. (The authority of ancient manuscripts against this latter clause, as superfluous and not originally in the text, though strong, is not sufficient, we think, to justify its exclusion. 11 I say then, () has God cast away His people? You must not relinquish this to a commentator. some of the branches--The mass of the unbelieving and rejected Israelites are here called "some," not, as before, to meet Jewish prejudice in Romans 10:16 ), but with the opposite view of checking Gentile pride. The elect obtained it, but … Romans 11:11-12. That intelligent expositors should think that this was meant of individual Jews, reintroduced from time to time into the family of God on their believing on the Lord Jesus, is surprising; and yet those who deny the national recovery of Israel must and do so interpret the apostle. The words will certainly bear this sense, "the depth of God's riches." These were kept according to the election of grace. For the gifts and calling--"and the calling" of God are without repentance--"not to be," or "cannot be repented of." Simon (Peter) has described to us how God at first showed his concern by taking from the Gentiles a people for himself. Both these, says the apostle, are irrevocable; and as the point for which he refers to this at all is the final destiny of the Israelitish nation, it is clear that the perpetuity through all time of the Abrahamic covenant is the thing here affirmed. But as all the glorious manifestations of Israel's God were regarded as issuing out of Zion, as the seat of His manifested glory ( Psalms 20:2 , 110:2 , Isaiah 31:9 ), the turn which the apostle gives to the words merely adds to them that familiar idea. and thou, being a wild olive, wert--"wast" grafted in among them--Though it is more usual to graft the superior cutting upon the inferior stem, the opposite method, which is intended here, is not without example. 26, 27. be the reconciling of the--Gentile world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead?--The reception of the whole family of Israel, scattered as they are among all nations under heaven, and the most inveterate enemies of the Lord Jesus, will be such a stupendous manifestation of the power of God upon the spirits of men, and of His glorious presence with the heralds of the Cross, as will not only kindle devout astonishment far and wide, but so change the dominant mode of thinking and feeling on all spiritual things as to seem like a resurrection from the dead. (5) As we are "justified by faith," so are we "kept by the power of God through faith"--faith alone--unto salvation ( Romans 11:20-32 ). These things are so directly contrary to each other that they cannot be blended together. It might be said, "Hath God then cast away his people?" Romans 11:14 "If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them." 27. And lest any should say that though Israel, as a nation, has no destiny at all under the Gospel, but as a people disappeared from the stage when the middle wall of partition was broken down, yet the Abrahamic covenant still endures in the spiritual seed of Abraham, made up of Jews and Gentiles in one undistinguished mass of redeemed men under the Gospel--the apostle, as if to preclude that supposition, expressly states that the very Israel who, as concerning the Gospel, are regarded as "enemies for the Gentiles' sakes," are "beloved for the fathers' sakes"; and it is in proof of this that he adds, "For the gifts and the calling of God are without repentance." Multitudes were made heirs of Abraham's faith, holiness and blessedness. 2 God has not cast away His people whom () He foreknew. But here he manifestly speaks of something not then existing, but to be looked forward to as a great future event in the economy of God, the reingrafting of the nation as such, when they "abide not in unbelief." David, having by the Spirit foretold the sufferings of Christ from his own people, the Jews, foretells the dreadful judgments of God upon them for it, Psalm 69. This is a worshipful moment in the letter of Paul to the Romans. The Divine counsels are complete; they have not only depth and height, but breadth and length, Ephesians 3:18, and that passing knowledge. But in what sense are the now unbelieving and excluded children of Israel "beloved for the fathers' sakes?" If we stand at all, it is by faith; we are guilty and helpless in ourselves, and are to be humble, watchful, afraid of self-deception, or of being overcome by temptation. Well--"Be it so, but remember that" because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest--not as a Gentile, but solely by faith--But as faith cannot live in those "whose soul is lifted up" ( Habakkuk 2:4 ). John Calvin comments on today’s passage, “The nation had not fallen [so far], so that he who is a Jew must necessarily perish or be alienated from God.” Though the Israel according to the flesh has been resistant to believing in Christ, this will not last forever. Certainly it is not "all mankind individually" [MEYER, ALFORD]; for the apostle is not here dealing with individuals, but with those great divisions of mankind, Jew and Gentile. Grace is everything for nothing to those who don't deserve anything. If then this election was of grace, it could not be of works, either performed or foreseen. for I also am an Israelite--See Philippians 3:5 , and so a living witness to the contrary. The Jews continued branches of this tree till, as a nation, they rejected the Messiah; after that, their relation to Abraham and to God was, as it were, cut off. Although philosophical overtures of theodicy are disclaimed by Nygren and Gaugler, 9-11 from this perspective is a vindication of God’s ways in dealing with men through the gospel. John Piper Mar 28, 2004 1.8K Shares God is most glorified in us when we are most satisfied in him Learn more about Desiring God Desiring God. that blindness--"hardness" in part is happened to--"hath come upon" Israel--that is, hath come partially, or upon a portion of Israel. Not only are we at first justified by faith, but kept to the end in that justified state by faith only; yet, by a faith which is not alone, but which worketh by love to God and man. (See Luke 21:24 ). Copyright © 2020, Bible Study Tools. Certainly notFor () I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. Not that the Jews will be restored to have their priesthood, and temple, and ceremonies again; an end is put to all these; but they are to be brought to believe in Christ, the true become one sheep-fold with the Gentiles, under Christ the Great Shepherd. © 2020 Christianity.com. Gentile and Jew have each in turn been "shut up to unbelief," that each in turn may experience the "mercy" which saves the chief of sinners ( Romans 11:11-32 ). All rights reserved. 5. I may provoke, &c. my flesh--Compare Isaiah 58:7 . ... A Textual Commentary on … Conversion is as the grafting in of wild branches into the good olive. For who hath known the mind of the Lord?--See Job 15:8 , Jeremiah 23:18 . The Gentiles, of free grace, had been grafted in to share advantages. of the tribe of Benjamin--( Philippians 3:5 ), that tribe which, on the revolt of the ten tribes, constituted, with Judah, the one faithful kingdom of God ( 1 Kings 12:21 ), and after the captivity was, along with Judah, the kernel of the Jewish nation ( Ezra 4:1 , 10:9 ). The branches were broken off, that I might be grafted in. There was a chosen remnant of believing Jews, who had righteousness and life by faith in Jesus Christ. Let their table, &c.--that is, Let their very blessings prove a curse to them, and their enjoyments only sting and take vengeance on them. lest ye should be wise in your own conceits--as if ye alone were in all time coming to be the family of God. Romans 11 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary is one of the most respected interdenominational commentaries ever written. The "knowledge," then, points probably to the vast sweep of divine comprehension herein displayed; the "wisdom" to that fitness to accomplish the ends intended, which is stamped on all this procedure. For--"But" if the first-fruit be holy, the lump is also holy; and if the root . this is my covenant with them--literally, "this is the covenant from me unto them." The figure of the "root" and its "branches" is of like import--the consecration of the one of them extending to the other. We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. The very same love which chose the fathers, and rested on the fathers as a parent stem of the nation, still rests on their descendants at large, and will yet recover them from unbelief, and reinstate them in the family of God. and bow down their back alway--expressive either of the decrepitude, or of the servile condition, to come on the nation through the just judgment of God. 1. A cursory reading of Romans might lead one to think that chapters 9-11 are a tangent or insertion unrelated to the rest of the letter.1 A more careful reading, however, leads to a different conclusion. Romans 11:1 “I say then, Hath God cast away his people? The captivities of Israel, their dispersion, and their being shut out from the church, are emblems of the believer's corrections for doing wrong; and the continued care of the Lord towards that people, and the final mercy and blessed restoration intended for them, show the patience and love of God. Romans 11 continues the paradoxical relationship between election and gospel. For if the casting away of them--The apostle had denied that they were east away ( Romans 11:1 ); here he affirms it. And if--rather, "But if"; that is, "If notwithstanding this consecration of Abraham's race to God. Romans 10 Romans 12 Chapter 11 The apostle, having reconciled that great truth of the rejection of the Jews with the promise made unto the fathers, is, in this chapter, further labouring to mollify the harshness of it, and to reconcile it to the divine goodness in general. Each of us must walk in the light we have. 15. Proud member The restoration of the Jews is, in the course of things, far less improbable than the call of the Gentiles to be the children of Abraham; and though others now possess these privileges, it will not hinder their being admitted again. Paul makes this clear in Galatians 3:7 and other passages. How unsearchable his judgments, and his paths beyond tracing out!” Explanation and Commentary of Romans 11:33. (11-21) The Gentiles cautioned against pride and unbelief, The Jews shall be called as a nation, and brought into God's visible covenant again. they also may obtain mercy--Here is an entirely new idea. "The word "fall" is the same word as in verse 11 ("through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles").The great majority of the Israeli nation have FALLEN into unbelief during this present age, but the world has benefited! Romans 11 – The Restoration of Israel A. Israel and the remnant of grace. They ought therefore to beware of self-confidence, and every kind of pride or ambition; lest, having only a dead faith, and an empty profession, they should turn from God, and forfeit their privileges. Romans 11:6, ESV: "But if it is by grace, it is no longer on the basis of works; otherwise grace would no longer be grace." 1 So, I ask this: ‘Has God turned away from his people?’ No, certainly, he has not done that! so the branches--The Israelites were required to offer to God the first-fruits of the earth--both in their raw state, in a sheaf of newly reaped grain ( Leviticus 23:10 Leviticus 23:11 ), and in their prepared state, made into cakes of dough ( Numbers 15:19-21 )--by which the whole produce of that season was regarded as hallowed. 4. seven thousand, that have not bowed the knee to Baal--not "the image of Baal," according to the supplement of our version. The apostle's object in making these quotations is to show that what he had been compelled to say of the then condition and prospects of his nation was more than borne out by their own Scriptures. These include all God's relations to his creatures; if all are of Him, and through Him, all should be to Him, and for Him. . First, as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall--or, according to what seems the true reading, without the "and"--"He shall" turn away ungodliness from Jacob--The apostle, having drawn his illustrations of man's sinfulness chiefly from Psalms 14:1-7 and Isaiah 59:1-21 , now seems to combine the language of the same two places regarding Israel's salvation from it [BENGEL]. It isn’t “spiritual Israel” in Romans 11:25, because that Israel is spiritually blind. Compiled & Edited by BibleStudyTools Staff, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. and with them partakest--"wast made partaker," along with the branches left, the believing remnant. And so all Israel shall be saved--To understand this great statement, as some still do, merely of such a gradual inbringing of individual Jews, that there shall at length remain none in unbelief, is to do manifest violence both to it and to the whole context. I speak--"am speaking" to you Gentiles--another proof that this Epistle was addressed to Gentile believers. of the root and fatness of the olive tree--the rich grace secured by covenant to the true seed of Abraham. For as ye in times past have not believed--or, "obeyed" God--that is, yielded not to God "the obedience of faith," while strangers to Christ. 13, 14. Amen--Thus worthily--with a brevity only equalled by its sublimity--does the apostle here sum up this whole matter. This teaches us how to understand other prayers of David against his enemies; they are prophecies of the judgments of God, not expressions of his own anger. This establishes our view of the argument on Election in Romans 9:1-29 , as not being an election of Gentiles in the place of Jews, and merely to religious advantages, but a sovereign choice of some of Israel itself, from among others, to believe and be saved. Though at present they are enemies to the gospel, for their hatred to the Gentiles; yet, when God's time is come, that will no longer exist, and God's love to their fathers will be remembered. The apostle adores the sovereignty of the Divine counsels. Romans 11 Commentary - The Gospel and Israel's Salvation Romans 11:18 Future Israel (433 pages) - Why Christian Anti-Judaism Must Be Challenged INTERNATIONAL CRITICAL COMMENTARY ON THE NEW TESTAMENT Romans 11 Commentary - Sanday and Headlam But if thou--"do" boast--remember that thou bearest not--"it is not thou that bearest" the root, but the root thee--"If the branches may not boast over the root that bears them, then may not the Gentile boast over the seed of Abraham; for what is thy standing, O Gentile, in relation to Israel, but that of a branch in relation to the root? (See 2 Corinthians 3:15 2 Corinthians 3:16 ). We rejoice in hope of the glory of God. Therefore, we shouldn't regard it as spiritual Israel in Romans 11:26. i. Grace (5485) (charis) is God's unmerited favor and supernatural enablement and empowerment for salvation and for daily sanctification. The gospel is the greatest riches of every place where it is. 19-21. Thou wilt say then--as a plea for boasting. Second. 7-10. Romans 11:33 O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! Be not high-minded, but fear--( Proverbs 28:14 , Philippians 2:12 ): 21. God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. And as believing Gentiles will be honored to be the instruments of this stupendous change, so shall the vast Gentile world reap such benefit from it, that it shall be like the communication of life to them from the dead. I magnify--"glorify" mine office--The clause beginning with "inasmuch" should be read as a parenthesis. yet now have obtained mercy through--by occasion of their. Romans 11:12. . There is a distinction between national or ethnic Israel and spiritual Israel. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? 6. Mar 28, 2004. As therefore the righteous rejection of the unbelieving Jews, was the occasion of so large a multitude of the Gentiles being reconciled to God, and at peace with him; the future receiving of the Jews into the church would be such a change, as would resemble a general resurrection of the dead in sin to a life of righteousness. Paul makes this clear in Galatians 3:7 and … SAME SUBJECT CONTINUED AND CONCLUDED--THE ULTIMATE INBRINGING OF ALL ISRAEL, TO BE, WITH THE GENTILES, ONE KINGDOM OF GOD ON THE EARTH. take heed lest he also spare not thee--a mere wild graft. The Consolation of Israel’s Rejection (11:1-36) Romans 11 will turn its attention to the present and future purposes of God with regard to Israel. Now if the fall of them--"But if their trespass," or "false step" be the riches of the--Gentile world--as being the occasion of their accession to Christ. How then should they wonder and praise him! salvation is come to the Gentiles, to provoke them to jealousy--Here, as also in Romans 10:19 (quoted from Deuteronomy 32:21 ), we see that emulation is a legitimate stimulus to what is good. The general position here laid down is of vital importance: That there are but two possible sources of salvation--men's works, and God's grace; and that these are so essentially distinct and opposite, that salvation cannot be of any combination or mixture of both, but must be wholly either of the one or of the other. Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them that fell, severity--in rejecting the chosen seed. . But, SECONDLY, God has not cast away His people finally. through their fall--literally, "trespass," but here best rendered "false step" [DE WETTE]; not "fall," as in our version. Not merely from ancestral recollections, as one looks with fond interest on the child of a dear friend for that friend's sake [DR. ARNOLD]--a beautiful thought, and not foreign to Scripture, in this very matter (see 2 Chronicles 20:7 , Isaiah 41:8 )--but it is from ancestral connections and obligations, or their lineal descent from and oneness in covenant with the fathers with whom God originally established it. There is a distinction between national or ethnic Israel and spiritual Israel. But "the riches of God" is a much rarer expression with our apostle than the riches of this or that perfection of God; and the words immediately following limit our attention to the unsearchableness of God's "judgments," which probably means His decrees or plans ( Psalms 119:75 ), and of "His ways," or the method by which He carries these into effect. (So THOLUCK, MEYER, DE WETTE, PHILIPPI, ALFORD, HODGE). 30, 31. You, the Bible, and the Holy Spirit are priority in interpretation. All Rights Reserved. And what he here says is that God's purpose was to shut each of these divisions of men to the experience first of an humbled, condemned state, without Christ, and then to the experience of His mercy in Christ. But both are true; they were cast away, though neither totally nor finally, and it is of this partial and temporary rejection that the apostle here speaks. Therefore, we shouldn’t regard it as spiritual Israel in Romans 11:26. i. 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