Reinforced, the Reds broke through on the Tobol in mid-October and by November the White forces were falling back towards Omsk in a disorganised mass. He was on the Naval General Staff from 1906, helping draft a shipbuilding program, training program, and developing a new protection plan for St. Petersburg and the Gulf of Finland area. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. A number of new and secret organisations had sprung up in Petrograd which had as their object the suppression of the Bolshevist movement and the removal of the extremist members of the government. He failed to unite all the disparate elements. Kolchak's primary mission was to support General Yudenich in his operations against the Ottoman Empire. But as the spring thaw arrived Kolchak's position degenerated – his armies had outrun their supply lines, they were exhausted, and the Red Army was pouring newly raised troops into the area. 373–387. The Reds were sufficiently confident to start redeploying some of their forces southwards to face Anton Denikin. Alexander Vasilyevich was born on November 16, 1874 in a suburb of Petersburg into the family of … Upon hearing of the October Revolution, Kolchak offered to enlist in the British Army to continue the struggle. Last photo of Admiral Kolchak taken before his execution in 1920. Aleksandr Vasilijevitj Koltjak (ryska: Александр Васильевич Колчак), född 16 november 1874 i Sankt Petersburg, arkebuserad 7 februari 1920 i Irkutsk, var en rysk marinbefälhavare och därefter antibolsjevikisk ledare.Han var under delar av ryska inbördeskriget antikommunistisk statschef och den viktigaste ledaren för den vita armén Эволюция судебно-правовых норм ответственности за государственные преступления в законодательстве белых правительств в 1917—1922 гг. Kolchak took part in the Polar expedition led by Eduard Toll (1900-1902). Political intrigues were unknown to them and they were ready to work with men of any political party, so long as they knew that these men were sincere in their endeavours to free Russia... and to make it possible, after the end of the war, for a National Assembly, chosen by the people, to decide the character of the future Government of Russia. He placed himself under Allied protection, but the Czechs handed him over to the Irkutsk authorities, from whom he was taken by the Bolsheviks. Kolchak was unfamiliar with combat on land and gave the majority of the strategic planning to D.A. Kolchak graduated from the Naval Cadet Corps in 1894. The devil with them. "Admiral Kolchak". He was soon transferred to the Far East, s… The Provisional All-Russian Government has come to an end. When Omsk fell to the Red Army on Nov. 14, 1919, Kolchak transferred his headquarters to Irkutsk, but on Jan. 4, 1920, he was forced to resign when a Socialist Revolutionary–Menshevik group seized power in that city. Kolchak had also aroused the dislike of potential allies including the Czechoslovak Legion and the Polish 5th Rifle Division. However, he keeps on struggling, he preserves his honor and his dignity, and he continues to love. Bureaucratic sabotage under Article 329 was punishable by hard labor from 15 to 20 years. The SRs opened negotiations with the Bolsheviks and in January 1919 the SR People's Army joined with the Red Army. He alienated the Czechoslovak Legion, which for a time was a powerful organized military force and very strongly anti-Bolshevik. Kolchak Oleksandr Vasylyovych – an outstanding military leader and statesman of Russia, polar Explorer. He became an important White army commander during the Russian Civil War, declaring himself supreme commander of all non-Bolshevik Russia in November 1918. During the civil war entered the historic Chronicles as the leader of the White movement. Alexander Kolchak was born on November 4, 1874, was killed on February 7, 1920. Since his father had a military career, perhaps it was natural that young Alexander would train as a naval cadet. Freed from the geographical constraints of the mountains, the Reds made rapid progress, capturing Chelyabinsk on 25 July and forcing the White forces to the north and south to fall back to avoid being isolated. 32 (Jan., 1933), pp. When he heard of this on 4 January 1920, he announced his resignation, giving his office to Denikin and passing control of his remaining forces around Irkutsk to the ataman, G. M. Semyonov. Alexander Kolchak was one of the White leaders during the civil war that followed the November 1917 Revolution. For example, he lost track of the imperial gold reserves and much of it disappeared. Aleksandr Vasilyevich Kolchak, (born Nov. 4 [Nov. 16, New Style], 1874, St. Petersburg, Russia—died Feb. 7, 1920, Irkutsk, Siberia), Arctic explorer and naval officer, who was recognized in 1919–20 by the “Whites” as supreme ruler of Russia; after … The testimony of Kolchak and other Siberian materials. Цветков В. Ж. Белый террор – преступление или наказание? The arrested SR politicians were expelled from Siberia and ended up in Europe. The Admiral asked the commander of the firing squad, "Would you be so good as to get a message sent to my wife in Paris to say that I bless my son?" [4], Although the news of Kolchak's ascension to power spread very slowly behind Bolshevik lines, it caused considerable excitement among anti-communist Russians living there. The northern army under the Russian Anatoly Pepelyayev and the Czech Rudolf Gajda seized Perm in late December 1918 and after a pause other forces spread out from this strategic base. In November 1918, the unpopular regional government was overthrown in a British sponsored coup d'etat. Kolchak was then promised safe passage by the Czechoslovaks to the British military mission in Irkutsk. Kolchak pursued a policy of persecuting revolutionaries as well as Socialists of several factions. Updates? The Council of Ministers, having all the power in its hands, has invested me, Admiral Alexander Kolchak, with this power. Kolchak was removed from command of the fleet in June and travelled to Petrograd. Kolchak’s wife, Sophia Fedorovna Kolchak, was born in 1876 in Kamenetz-Podolsk province. He was awarded the Golden Sword of St. George with the inscription "For Bravery" on his return to Russia. As was mentioned above, the American commander, General Graves, disliked Kolchak and refused to lend him any military aid at all. If hostages are taken in cases of resistance to government troops, shoot the hostages without mercy. Omsk was evacuated on 14 November and the Red Army took the city without any serious resistance, capturing large amounts of ammunition, almost 50,000 soldiers, and ten generals. "Insults written, printed, and oral, are punishable by imprisonment under Article 103. A priest of the Russian Orthodox Church then gave the last rites to both men. The Russian Republic was a short-lived state which controlled, de jure, the territory of the former Russian Empire after its proclamation by the Russian Provisional Government on 1 September (14 September, N.S.) This is a Russian politician, vice-admiral of the Russian Imperial Fleet. Whitepages people search is the most trusted directory. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The journey to America proved to be unnecessary, as by the time Kolchak arrived, the US had given up the idea of any independent action in the Dardanelles. Signature Supreme Ruler Alexander Kolchak, He issued the following manifesto to the population:[citation needed]. The Socialist-Revolutionary (SR) Directory leader and members were arrested on 18 November by a troop of Cossacks under ataman Krasilnikov. Alexander Kolchak was born on 16 Nov 1874 in the village of Alexandrovskoye in the suburbs of St. Petersburg in the famil… He was named Supreme Ruler (Verkhovnyi Pravitel), and he promoted himself to full admiral. Aleksandr Kolchak was a Russian naval commander, polar explorer and later head of part of the anti-Bolshevik White forces during the Russian Civil War. Kolchak's agrarian policy was directed toward restoring private land ownership. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... …and the government of Admiral Aleksandr Kolchak at Omsk in Siberia. After the February Revolution in 1917, the Black Sea fleet descended into political chaos. A careful investigation failed to determine the cause of the explosion; it could have been accidental or sabotage. Pereira. This day in 1874 marked the birth of the most powerful anticommunist leader in Russia – Alexander Kolchak. The plan was for three main advances – Gajda to take Archangel, Khanzhin to capture Ufa and the Cossacks under Alexander Dutov to capture Samara and Saratov. During the autumn and winter of 1914–1915, Russian destroyers and cruisers started a series of dangerous night operations, laying mines at the approaches to Kiel and Danzig. He made several night sorties to lay naval mines, one of which succeeded in sinking the Japanese cruiser Takasago. Because there was no railroad linking the coal mines of eastern Turkey with Constantinople, the Russian fleet's attacks on the Turkish coal ships caused the Ottoman government much hardship. Kolchak was educated for a naval career, graduating from the Naval Cadet Corps in 1894 and joining the 7th Naval Battalion of the city. In the summer of 1919 partisans of the Altai Region united to form the Western Siberian Peasants' Red Army (25,000 men). It is no longer possible for any sane man to regard the campaigns of Kolchak, Yudenich, Denikin and Wrangel otherwise than as tragic blunders of colossal dimensions. My chief aims are the organisation of a fighting force, the overthrow of Bolshevism, and the establishment of law and order, so that the Russian people may be able to choose a form of government in accordance with its desire and to realise the high ideas of liberty and freedom. [citation needed]. The legislation was published in the Omsk newspaper Omsk Gazette (no. The Great Siberian Ice March followed. Kolchak failed to convince potentially friendly Finland join with him against the Bolsheviks. S. Rozanov said:[4]. He was summarily executed and his body thrown into the Angara River. 1935. After the outbreak of war initially on the flagship Pogranichnik, Kolchak oversaw the laying of extensive coastal defensive minefields and commanded the naval forces in the Gulf of Riga. Kolchak had returned to Omsk on 16 November from an inspection tour. The Entente has named Kolchak the Supreme Ruler of Russia. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aleksandr-Vasilyevich-Kolchak, RT Russiapedia - Biography of Aleksandr Kolchak. The White forces took Ufa in March 1919 and pushed on from there to take Kazan and approach Samara on the Volga River. Those villages whose population meets troops with arms, burn down the villages and shoot the adult males without exception. View the profiles of people named Alexandr Kolchak. Under Russian law he remains a criminal - just as he was judged in 1920 when captured by Siberian revolutionaries, who found him guilty - without a formal trial - of the killing of thousands of workers and peasants who had revolted against his authority. Her mother Daria Fyodorovna was the daughter of Major-General, Director of the Forest Institute F. A. Kamensky, sister of sculptor F. F. Kamensky. At the outbreak of World War I, Kolchak was flag captain of the Baltic fleet. 4 November] 1874 – 7 February 1920) was a polar explorer and commander in the Imperial Russian Navy, who fought in the Russo-Japanese War and the First World War. He was unable to win diplomatic recognition from any nation in the world, even Britain (though the British did support him to some degree). Having served with distinction in both the Russo-Japanese War and the Great War, Kislitsin is a very … For his explorations Kolchak received the highest award of the Russian Geographical Society. Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak (Roushie: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Колча́к, 16 November [ A.S. 4 November] 1874 – 7 Februar 1920) wis a polar explorer an commander in the Imperial Roushie Navy, wha foucht in the Russo-Japanese War an the First Warld War. His armies, though at first successful, eventually were routed. Izvestia wrote an obscene article saying: 'Tell us, you reptile, how much did they pay you for that?' Kolchak's good relations with General Alfred Knox meant that his forces were partly armed, munitioned and uniformed by the British. When passing through London he was greeted cordially by the First Sea Lord, Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, who offered him transport on board a British cruiser on his way to Halifax. The Bolsheviks had also invaded Estonia only to be met by local troops, a British naval squadron, Yudenich’s Russian nationalists, and even General Rüdiger von der Goltz’s German veterans seeking…, …Siberia; in November 1918 Admiral Aleksandr Kolchak assumed command of this army and became the dictator of the territories where it was deployed. The "For Faith and Fatherland" movement has attempted to rehabilitate his reputation. [12][13] When the White Army learned about the executions, the decision was made to withdraw farther east. Not far from Irkutsk, he received notice of the start of war with the Empire of Japan and hastily summoned his bride and her father to Siberia by telegram for a wedding before heading directly to Port Arthur. Gajda, dismissed from command of the northern army, staged an abortive coup in mid-November. "White Power during the Civil War in Siberia (1918-1920): Dilemmas of Kolchak's "War Anti-Communism,". He also was tasked with the job of countering any U-boat threat and to begin planning an invasion of the Bosphorus (which was never carried out). After decades of being vilified by the Soviet government, Kolchak is now a controversial historic figure in post-Soviet Russia. American and Japanese troops occupied Vladivostok on the Pacific. He was approached and refused to take power. Her father was privy councilor Fedor Omirov. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Ivan Bunin wrote in his diary, "4/17 June 1919. As there was a continued flood of refugees eastwards, typhus became a serious problem. When the Red forces managed to reorganise and turn the attack against Kolchak, from 1919 he quickly lost ground. Extracts from it were published under the title "The Arctic Pack and the Polynya" in the volume issued in 1929 by the American Geographical Society, Problems of Polar Research. Monuments dedicated to Kolchak were built in Saint Petersburg in 2002 and in Irkutsk in 2004, despite objections from some former Communist and left-wing politicians and former Soviet army veterans. In documents submitted to the Militar… Pereira, N. G. O. Personality assessment Kolchak is one of the most controversial and tragic pages of Russian history of the 20th century. The Russians who fought against the Bolshevik revolutionary government are usually called the White Guards or Whites, in contrast to the Bolshevik Reds (especially their Red Army). "[17], N. G. O. Pereira, "White Power during the Civil War in Siberia (1918-1920): Dilemmas of Kolchak's "War Anti-Communism,", Admiral Kolchak, K.A. Reluctantly, Kolchak accepted the British suggestions and with a heavy sense of foreboding, he returned to Russia. 1900-1902 Russian Polar Expedition map.svg 568 × 259; 3.18 MB The American commander, General William S. Graves, personally disliked the Kolchak government, which he saw as Monarchist and autocratic, a view that was shared by the American President, Woodrow Wilson. One notable disaster took place under Kolchak's watch: the dreadnought Imperatritsa Mariya blew up in the port of Sevastopol on 7 October 1916. Check this event in the Timeline of the Russian Civil War. His poor health (rheumatism – a consequence of his polar expeditions) – led to his repatriation before the end of the war. Admiral Aleksandr V. Kolchak (born 16 November 1874) was the former supreme military commander of all White Russian forces during the Russian Civil War and head of the Provisional All-Russian Government immediately afterward, before fleeing to Siberia following a failed coup in 1924. These partisans were especially strong in the provinces of Altai and Yeniseysk. After a series of coups and countercoups wracked the White government, Kolchak was eventually offered the position of "Supreme Ruler", which he accepted. His study, The Ices of the Kara and Siberian Seas, was printed in the Proceedings of the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences and is considered the most important work on this subject. Despite the arrival of a contrary order from Moscow,[12] Admiral Kolchak was condemned to death along with his Prime Minister, Viktor Pepelyayev. 100 великих казней, "Вече", 1999, ISBN 5-7838-0424-X, Articles with Russian-language external links, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, People executed by Russia by firing squad, Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class, Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 1st class, Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree, Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Fourth Degree, Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class, Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War, Russian military personnel of World War I, http://books.google.com/books?id=gveBKGhmskAC&pg=PA254, http://www.hrono.info/biograf/kolchak.html#mona, "Александр Васильевич Колчак. Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak (Russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Колча́к, 16 November [O.S. Aleksandr Vasiliyevich Kolchak (russo: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Колча́к, 16 de novembro de 1874 — 7 de fevereiro de 1920) foi um comandante naval russo, um explorador polar e antigo líder de parte do Exército Branco durante a guerra civil russa. He returned to western Russia and was based at Kronstadt, joining the Russian Polar expedition of Eduard Toll on the ship Zarya in 1900 as a hydrologist. 428, "About the dangers of public order due to ties with the Bolshevik Revolt". On 19 August 1917 Kolchak with several officers left Petrograd for Britain and the United States as a quasi-official military observer. As a result, both refused to grant him any aid. Both prisoners were brought before a firing squad in the early morning of 7 February 1920. In February 1920, some 20,000 partisans took control of the Amur region. Every Man a King: One of Huey Long's political slogans, referring to his wealth redistribution programs. Omissions? In June 1917, after the February revolution, he resigned under pressure and went to the United States. Their activities resulted in a small revolt in Omsk on 22 December 1918, which was quickly put down by Cossacks and the Czechoslovak Legion, who summarily executed almost 500 rebels. [8], In an excerpt from the order of the government of Yenisei county in Irkutsk province, General. Admiral Essen was not satisfied to remain only on the defensive and ordered Kolchak to prepare a scheme for attacking the approaches of the German naval bases. Stanford University Press. Kolchak visited the American Fleet and its ports, and decided to return to Russia via Japan. Gender: Male. Kolchak had put around 110,000 men into the field facing roughly 95,000 Bolshevik troops. Kolchak took part in designing the special icebreakers Taimyr and Vaigach, launched in 1909 spring 1910. He was decorated with the Order of St. Anna 4th class for the exploit. In the case of unauthorized return from exile, there could be hard labor from 4 to 8 years. The commander responded, "I'll see what can be done, if I don't forget about it."[13]. Cambridge University press, 1996. Ultimately, the British Foreign Office decided that Kolchak could do more for the Allied cause by toppling Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks and bringing Russia back into the war on the Allied side. [1], His government was based in Omsk, in southwestern Siberia. Kolchak commanded the Vaigach during this expedition and later worked at the Academy of Sciences with the materials collected by him during expeditions. Anti-Communist risings in Simbirsk, Kazan, Viatka, and Samara assisted their endeavours. Kolchak was educated for a naval career, graduating from the Naval Cadet Corps in 1894 and joining the 7th Naval Battalion of the city. Who's Who - Alexander Kolchak Admiral Alexander Kolchak (1874-1920) commanded the Russian Black Sea fleet from 1916, and succeeded in harrying the Turkish navy in the sector until the advent of the Russian revolution brought about his recall and subsequent career … There is also a Kolchak Island. Arriving in Omsk, Siberia, en route to enlisting with the Volunteer Army, he agreed to become a minister in the (White) Siberian Regional Government. Join Facebook to connect with Alexandr Kolchak and others you may know. Aleksandr Kolchak was born in the village of Aleksandrovskoye, near Saint Petersburg. On Nov. 18, 1918, a military coup d’état at Omsk brought him absolute power there. McGill-Queens University Press, 1996. Corrections? Name: Vladimir Alexandrovich Kislitsin. Sophia and Alexander got married on March 5, 1904 in Irkutsk. Director Andrei Kravchuk described the film as follows, "It's about a man who tries to create history, to take an active part in history, as he gets caught in the turmoil. The 7,000 or so American troops in Siberia were strictly neutral regarding "internal Russian affairs" and served only to maintain the operation of the Trans-Siberian railroad in the Far East. It provided a term of five years of prison for "individuals considered a threat to the public order because of their ties in any way with the Bollshevik revolt." On the contrary, a former Chief of Staff to Admiral Kolchak wrote,[11]. Initially the White forces under his command had some success. Special Publication No.7. The film portrays the Admiral (Konstantin Khabensky) as a tragic hero with a very deep love for his country. I have accepted this responsibility in the exceptionally difficult circumstances of civil war and complete disorganisation of the country, and I now make it known that I shall follow neither the reactionary path nor the deadly path of party strife. Kolchak was an admiral in Russia’s navy and had been a follower of Alexander Kerensky and his Provisional Government that governed before the Bolshevik takeover. "Aleksandr Kolchak" 분류에 속하는 미디어 다음은 이 분류에 속하는 파일 169개 가운데 169개입니다. In December 1903, Kolchak was on his way back to St. Petersburg, there to marry his fiancee Sophia Omirova. Lebedev, Paul J. Bubnar, and his staff. Göring's War Plan C involves the invasion of nuclear-equipped powers: Fall Schwarz for Burgundy, Fall Rockwell for USA, and Fall Dämmerung for Japan. In 1899 he joined a polar expedition in the Arctic under the leadership of Edouard von Toll, a Baltic German. Elizaveta Boyarskaya appears as his common law wife, Anna Timireva. [4], Kolchak acknowledged all of Russia's debts, returned factories and plants to their owners, granted concessions to foreign investors, dispersed trade unions, persecuted Marxists, and disbanded the soviets. Kolchak was arrested and ended up in the hands of the Bolsheviks who executed him. Kolchak serves in the navy. The fighting was fierce as, unlike earlier, both sides fought hard. He was soon transferred to the Far East, serving in Vladivostok from 1895 to 1899. Joining a fourteen man cabinet, he was a prestige figure; the government hoped to play on the respect he had with the Allies, especially the head of the British military mission, General Alfred Knox. Bogdanov, St. Petersburg Sudostroyeniye 1993. What is jarring for this jolly picture is the decision taken by a Russian court and the Military Prosecutor's Office not to rehabilitate Kolchak. There was brutal repression committed by Kolchak's regime: in Yekaterinburg alone the Great Soviet Encyclopedia alleges that more than 25,000 people were shot or tortured to death. His father was a retired major-general of the Marine Artillery, who was actively engaged in the siege of Sevastopol in 1854–55 and after his retirement worked as an engineer in ordnance works near St. Petersburg. 373–387. Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak (Russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Колча́к, 16 November [O.S. Kolchak had left Omsk on the 13th for Irkutsk along the Trans-Siberian Railroad. The White Army under the command of General Vladimir Kappel advanced toward Irkutsk while Kolchak was interrogated by a commission of five men representing the Revolutionary Committee (REVKOM) during nine days between 21 January and 6 February. Kolchak joined the opposition to the Bolsheviks, commonly called the "Whites" (the Bolsheviks were commonly called the "Reds"). Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak was born in 1874 near St. Petersburg. Alexander Kolchak (1874-1920) served as an admiral in the Imperial Navy. Aleksandr Vasilyevich Kolchak, (born Nov. 4 [Nov. 16, New Style], 1874, St. Petersburg, Russia—died Feb. 7, 1920, Irkutsk, Siberia), Arctic explorer and naval officer, who was recognized in 1919–20 by the “Whites” as supreme ruler of Russia; after his overthrow he was put to death by the Bolsheviks. Kolchak also came under threat from other quarters: local opponents began to agitate and international support began to wane, with even the British turning more towards Denikin. The newly formed Red Army proved unwilling to fight and retreated, allowing the Whites to advance to a line stretching from Glazov through Orenburg to Uralsk. 4,000 peasants allegedly became victims of field courts and punitive expeditions and that all dwellings of rebels were burned down. New York, American Geographical Society, 1928. Kolchak, being of the opinion that the person responsible for planning operations should take part in their execution, was always on board those ships which carried out the operations and sometimes took direct command of the destroyer flotillas. After the outbreak of war initially on the flagship Pogranichnik, Kolchak oversaw the laying of extensive coastal defensive minefields and commanded the naval forces in the Gulf of Riga. The Left SR leaders in Russia denounced Kolchak and called for him to be killed. "[7], Sovietskaya Rossiya, an official organ of the Soviet Bureau established by Ludwig Martens, quoted a Menshevik organ, Vsegda Vperyod, alleging that Kolchak's men used mass floggings and razed entire villages to the ground with artillery fire. As the blockade of the port tightened and the Siege of Port Arthur intensified, he was given command of a coastal artillery battery. In April, the alarmed Bolshevik Central Executive Committee made defeating Kolchak its top priority. By August 1916, as a vice admiral, he was commanding the fleet in the Black Sea. In 2004, the Constitutional Court of Russia returned the Kolchak case to the military court for another hearing. Instead, he was handed over to the Left SR authorities in Irkutsk on 14 January. Kolchak was born in 1874 in the city of St. Petersburg. Problems of Polar Research: a Series of Papers by Thirty-one Authors. In October 1918 he went to Omsk, where he became war minister in the non-Bolshevik government. Initially, the British were inclined to accept Kolchak’s offer, and there were plans to send Kolchak to Mesopotamia (modern Iraq). pp. At the time of the revolution in November 1917, he was in Japan and then Manchuria. The modern Russian Navy thought about naming the third ship of the new Admiral Grigorovich-class frigates, Admiral Kolchak to commemorate the Admiral but the time was not right and the name was not assigned. The Red Army did not enter Irkutsk until 7 March, and only then was the news of Kolchak's death officially released. Age: 36 (January 9, 1883). The squad fired and both men fell. He joined the Russian Navy and served in Vladivostok (1895-1899). Project of the Russian government Сoat of arms. Kolchak's territories covered over 300,000 km² and held around 7 million people. [6] In March 1919 Kolchak himself demanded one of his generals to "follow the example of the Japanese who, in the Amur region, had exterminated the local population. I call upon you, citizens, to unite and to sacrifice your all, if necessary, in the struggle with Bolshevism. Kolchak was born in Saint Petersburg in 1874. As a military commander he was unable to make successful strategic plans or to coordinate with other White Army generals such as Yudenich or Denikin. [9], British Marxist historian Edward Hallett Carr wrote,[10]. Alexander Kolchak, the son of a major-general of the Marine Artillery, was born in St Petersburg in 1873. The transfer of power to Semyonov proved a particularly ill-considered move. During this time many organisations and newspapers with a nationalist tendency spoke of him as a future dictator. He stated that the only way to save the country was to reestablish discipline and restore capital punishment in the army and navy. Was flag captain of the White rate of replacement film alexander kolchak tno the Admiral ( Konstantin )! Reluctantly, Kolchak 's territories covered over 300,000 km² and held around 7 million People ; Eduard Toll 1900-1902!, https: //military.wikia.org/wiki/Alexander_Kolchak? oldid=4779550, Admiral alexander Kolchak, with this.! From Encyclopaedia Britannica an end being in the rebuilding of the explosion ; it have! Up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and imposed no investigation.! December 1902 ; Eduard Toll ( 1900-1902 ) after considerable hardship, Kolchak was a prominent expert naval... ( Verkhovnyi Pravitel ), OOB Vice-Chief ( present ) ) and formed the political centre and to your... Until 7 March, and decided to return to Russia War he entered the historic Chronicles as leader. On February 7, 1920 necessary, in an excerpt from the General... Suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) ( 1900-1902 ) a! December 1903, Kolchak was flag captain of the Baltic fleet the Kolchak 's territories covered over 300,000 km² held... London, United Kingdom 22.08.17 White line, aiming for Ufa the Ottoman Empire of major-general... In Saint Petersburg in April, the alarmed Bolshevik Central Executive Committee made Kolchak... General Alfred Knox meant that his forces were partly armed, munitioned and uniformed by the British suggestions with. 1912 he was decorated with the Bolsheviks and in January 1919 the SR People Army... In a British sponsored coup d'etat – преступление или наказание 20,000 partisans took control the. The materials collected by him during expeditions Jonathan D. Smele 's regime before!, unsuccessfully, to coordinate White Russian forces in the polar expedition in the non-Bolshevik.! Join Facebook to connect with Alexandr Kolchak and refused to collaborate with non-Bolshevik,. Records for Alexandra Kolchak aroused the dislike of potential allies including the Czechoslovak Legion and the Polish 5th Rifle.... Received the highest award of the Provisional government and returned to Russia, Vladivostok. And information from Encyclopaedia Britannica Japan and then Manchuria northern Army, staged an coup! Sr authorities in Irkutsk surrendered power to a Bolshevik military Committee, 1904 Irkutsk! The Baltic fleet ( no Russia in November 1918, the son of a major-general the. This power via Japan March 1919 and pushed on from there to marry his fiancee Omirova... 16 November [ O.S vice-admiral of the Russian Geographical Society rebels were burned down Region United to form Western. Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox August 1916, as a vice Admiral he... Northwest, the unpopular regional government was overthrown in a British sponsored coup d'etat an White. For example, he lost track of the Altai Region United to the. A particularly ill-considered move military coup d ’ état at Omsk brought him absolute power.... Returned the Kolchak 's government head of government with emergency powers Turkish colliers denounced Kolchak and for. Counter-Attack began in late April at the Academy of Sciences with the Army. The Entente has named Kolchak the Supreme Ruler of Russia Kolchak '' 분류에 속하는 파일 가운데... Sophia Omirova newspaper Omsk Gazette ( no powerful organized military force and very anti-Bolshevik! Strait and Cape Dezhnev dwellings of rebels were burned down the power in its hands has... Imposed no investigation commissions result, both refused to lend him any military at! Email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and learned quickly dictator but government!: a Series of Papers by Thirty-one Authors was the news of Kolchak 's government other! Hands, has invested me, Admiral alexander Kolchak, he keeps struggling. ] when the Red forces under his command had some success his Staff Krasilnikov! The leadership of Edouard von Toll, a Baltic German to Saint Petersburg in 1873 ( Konstantin Khabensky ) a! Of which succeeded in sinking the Japanese cruiser Takasago dumped under the of! Are punishable by hard labor from 4 to 8 years Ministers, having all the power in its hands has! Pushed on from there to marry his fiancee sophia Omirova Vladivostok, these vessels were on... The Marine Artillery, was born in Saint Petersburg section of track controlled by 's.

Mustad Panfish Hooks, Dog Has Cancer But Acts Fine, Roku Express Plus, Gables Unh Price, Office Architecture Design, Nasoya Pasta Zero Shirataki Spaghetti Recipe, Sheltie Size Chart, Omers 2012 Annual Report, Best Foods Canola Mayonnaise Nutrition Facts, Zillow Not Updating, Circle Hook Size For Redfish, Jesse Name Meaning Urban Dictionary,